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EARLY LITERACY PROFILE (ELP)

PHONICS

Phonics is a key part of the Early Literacy Profile (ELP), helping assess how well students connect letters with sounds. While phonological awareness is oral, phonics links sound to print through letter-sound relationships.

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With explicit instruction, students learn how letters represent the 44 phonemes in English. They use phonemic awareness skills—like blending and segmenting—alongside print to support both reading and spelling.

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Though some argue English is too irregular for phonics, research shows about 90% of words follow predictable patterns, and even irregular words often vary by just one sound. Context-based guessing, by comparison, is far less effective, with success rates as low as 10% in dense texts (Gough et al., 1983).

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Phonics assessments in the Early Literacy Profile / Profil de la littératie

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Overview
Assessment Procedure

ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE

Instructional videos on how to administer the phonics assessments of the ELP.​

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Key points/reminders:

  • Note: If the child has not previously been assessed using this tool, choose a starting point on the phonics knowledge assessment which most accurately matches the child's developmental understanding of phonics knowledge.

  • To begin, log onto ESGI and consider using the "student screen" feature when assessing.

  • Step 1: Ask the child to read the words from the phonics assessment in ESGI.

  • Step 2: When the child reads the words, mark either a "yes" if the word was read correctly within 3 seconds, or a "no" if the word was read incorrectly.

  • Both the phonics skill and the automaticity of word reading demonstrates proficiency. This assessment is a means of measuring oral reading fluency in conjunction with phonics knowledge. If you choose to make a note; for example, if a child mispronounced the word or takes longer than 3 seconds to sound out the word, you can add a comment to the "notes" box in ESGI.

  • If a child reads all the words correctly for that phonics sub-skill, advance to the next subskill assessment.

  • If a child is unable to read all the words in the sub-skill correctly or within 3 seconds, then continue in class teaching around the subskill area to support the child with further development in this phonics skill. Re-assess the skill after targeted instruction.

  • Note: if you suspect that a student may not fully have a given phonics skill and instead just "knows the words", consider using the corresponding "nonsense word" list in ESGI.

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Instructional Strategies

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

Instructional strategies and helpful resources to support the development of phonics skills.

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Central Okanagan Public Schools

1040 Hollywood Road S., Kelowna, BC V1X 4N2

Phone: (250) 860-8888        Fax: (250) 870-5056

Email: education.support@sd23.bc.ca

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